This article is about the founder of the Nation of Islam. His fathers name is listed as Zaradodd Ford, his mothers name as Babbjie, and their birthplace as Madrid, Spain. Evanzz believes that Fard immigrated to the United States via Canada in 1913. Much of what is known about him is shrouded in mystery, and it is difficult to separate fact from mythological stories. Although I'm inclined to believe the official story that he simply fled the country after coming under heat from the police. To further muddy the waters, C.E. Fard had an East Indian appearance, and was a dapper dresser with perfect white teeth and dark eyes. [35], A marriage certificate dated June 5, 1924, was issued to Wallie Dodd Ford and Carmen Trevino (or Trevio) in Santa Ana, California. This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. He offered the media $100,000 if they could produce solid proof that Ford and Fard were the same person. Karriem was found to be legally insane and was committed. He also listed his race as Caucasian and his birthdate as February 26, 1893. The 26 November 1976 issue of the Nation of Islam journal Bilalian News reports Muhammad Abdullah's first khutbah at the mosque and shows a photo. "Black Muslims," a name coined by C. Eric Lincoln in 1960, refers to the members of one of the most militant and separati, Muhammad, Elijah 18971975 Fard reportedly claimed to have been born in 1877. The FBI opened an investigation into Fard in 1957 and closed it a year later in 1958. "[58], Beynon also wrote: "The prophets message was characterized by his ability to utilize to the fullest measure the environment of his followers. Members of the movement believe Fard to be the incarnation of Allh, and his birthday, February 26, is observed as Saviours Day. ." I remember researching the noi's history and finding out about what you have written. [26], On November 20, 1932, James J. Smith, a black man, was killed by Robert Harris, who was his roommate and a member of the Nation of Islam, on a makeshift altar in what was described as a human sacrifice. [43] According to San Quentin records, Wallie D. Ford was born in Portland, Oregon, on February 25, 1891, the white son of Zared and Beatrice Ford, who were both born in Hawaii. He declared the doom of America, for her evils to us was past due. The original people must regain their religion, which is Islam, their language, which is Arabic, and their culture, which is astronomy and higher mathematics, especially calculus. From then onwards, he is untraceable. Learn how your comment data is processed. Muhammad, Akbar. He wrote two books for the movement, The Secret Ritual of the Nation of Islam, which is transmitted orally to members; and Teaching for the Lost-Found Nation of Islam in a Mathematical Way, which is written in symbolic language and requires special interpretation. The true origins of W. D. Fard remain mired in obscurity. The effect of both these movements upon the future members of the Nation of Islam was largely indirect. 1962. r d / (born February 26, 1877) was a co-founder of the Nation of Islam. They traced one Wallace Dodd Ford of Los Angeles, a violent man with a criminal record who worked at a local restaurant. [28] Additionally, Fard is alleged to have used up to 58 different aliases during his life. Others asserted that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return. PRAISE HIS HOLY NAME! I think you're right - between Fard's own obfuscation of his past and the FBI's misinformation campaign, we might never know just who he really was. He returned to Chicago, was arrested on charges of disturbing the peace through his preaching, and again returned to Detroit. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. On their marriage record, Ford gave his race as Spanish, his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 26. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. And that she is number one to be destroyed. [56] In his 1962 book Black Nationalism: The Search for an Identity, Essien-Udom wrote: "Noble Drew Ali was shot and stabbed in his offices at the Unity Club in Chicago on the night of March 15, 1929 He was eventually released on bond, but a few weeks later, he died under mysterious circumstances. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. But both Zared and Beatrice were said to have been born in Hawaii. [18] He began by selling silks door to door, telling his listeners that the silks came from their ancestral homeland. https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/fard-w-d-c-1877-1934-religious-and-political-leader, African American Religions: Muslim Movements, Muhammad, Elijah Karriem (18971975), Religious and Political Leader. He disappeared in 1934 after several arrests in Detroit and Elijah Muhammad took over as leader of the Nation of Islam. A few of them had come under the influence of the Moorish-American cult which succeeded it. They also have a similar receding hairline that poofs out along the side. The book Chameleon: The True Story of W.D. Others asserted that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return. Trevino was a 22-year-old native of Mexico also living in Los Angeles. Karriem cited a quotation from a book entitled Secret Rituals of the Lost-Found Nation of Islam, authored by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad, which read, The believer must be stabbed through the heart. This quote, as well as another stating, Every son of Islam must gain a victory from a devil. [55] Authors have also cited E. U. Essien-Udom for this proposition as well. He lived In Los Angeles. "Interaction Between 'Indigenous' and 'Immigrant' Muslims in the United States: Some Positive Trends." Members of the Nation of Islam believe that he was a light-skinned black man or mulatto who knew both the white and the black world and who was born on February 26, 1877. Consequently, Fard and another leader, Ugan Ali, were arrested and questioned. One member of the group, later declared mentally insane, allegedly participated in "human sacrifice" in 1932 in an effort to follow lessons regarding the sacrifice of devils. Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader. Only a few things are certain. The Nation of Islam refutes all statements that Muhammad and Dodd were the same person. . Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader Their physical and economic difficulties alike were used to illustrate the new teaching. He was ultimately forced to leave Detroit because of an allegation that he encouraged one of his followers to engage in a ritual of human sacrifice. How we had been made blind, deaf and dumb by this white race of people and how we must return to our people, our God and His religion of peace (Islam), the religion of the prophets. Fard appeared as a peddler "from the East," selling silks and other sundries and dispensing advice about health and spiritual development to his customers. He claimed his father was a black Arab and his mother from the Caucasus mountains. Both provided their race as "Spanish"; Ford claimed that his parents, "Zaradodd" and "Babbjie", were natives of Madrid, Spain. Powered by - Designed with theHueman theme. Officially, the NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means. rcel.src = "//trends.revcontent.com/serve.js.php?w=76341&t="+rcel.id+"&c="+(new Date()).getTime()+"&width="+(window.outerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth)+"&referer="+encodeURIComponent(referer); "[49], The Nation of Islam refutes the claim that Fard and Ford are one and the same in an article posted on the NOI website by Dr. Wesley Muhammad. [16] From those interviews, Beynon wrote that Fard lived and taught in Detroit from 1930 to 1934. I have no idea who Fard was but I doubt he was black, which is ironic. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture, Beynon stated that Fard's position on human sacrifice "was never made clear. Although there is only one known picture of "Fard", there are a few known photographs of "Ford", mostly police mugshots: https://zaidpub.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/walaace-fard.jpg. I am your brother. To Mr. Fard alone do they offer prayer and sacrifice. Master Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. [14] He influenced his successor Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X and many other Black Nationalist thinkers. The first is the expansion of Islamic statesthat is, states whose ruling elite consisted, Islam The NOI teaches that Wallace Fard Muhammad was an avatar of Allah, who came to America to educate on this forgotten history. [47] The paper published the story in an article titled "Black Muslim Founder Exposed As White. Evanzz detailed the experience of several other authors who also based their accounts of Fard's life on the FBI file. In 1959, the FBI issued a smear story to a Chicago newspaper, claiming Fard was a Turk and a fascist sympathizer who had acted as a Nazi spy during World War II. But I am not the same person who taught Elijah Muhammad and I am not God. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Officials said he came to the United States from Asia.". A handwritten lesson written by Fard states: "Twelve Leaders of Islam from all over the Planet have conferred in the Root of Civilization concerning the Lost-Found Nation of Islam must return to their original Land. rcel.id = 'rc_' + Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); [40] The FBI's search for Fard was officially closed the following year on April 15, 1958. Garvey taught the Negroes that their homeland was Ethiopia. The other was Wallie D. Ford of California, arrested by Los Angeles police on November 17, 1918, on a charge of assault with a deadly weapon. Since Mr. Fard has been deified, the Temple People raise to the rank of prophet the former Minister of Islam, Elijah Mohammed, now a resident of Chicago. "Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader [citation needed], Efforts to trace the origins and life story of Fard have been extensive but have yielded only fragmentary results and not even his date of death is known; further complicating any efforts is the fact that only 5 pictures of Fard are known to exist, 4 being mugshots taken after various arrests and one being the official portrait by the Nation of Islam; most observers agreed they all belong to the same person which was confirmed via facial recognition analysis. He told followers he was born in the holy city of Mecca, and his light-skinned appearance, courtesy of his Russian Jewish mother, was pre-ordained so that he could more easily mix with white people. But he's certainly not black like he claimed. Many people avoided him because of the wild things he sometimes said." He gave the exact birth of the white race; the name of their God who made them and how; and the end of their time, the judgment, how it will begin and end. Evanzz reported that Wallace D. Fard died in Chicago in 1971 at the age of 78. In 1933, Fard disappeared and a power struggle within the NOI emerged. Who was Wallace Fard and what happened to him? ", Read more about this topic: Wallace Muhammad. This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. To this day, nobody knows. Others asserted that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return. [20], With regard to Elijah Muhammad, Beynon's article stated: "From among the larger group of Muslims there has sprung recently an even more militant branch than the Nation of Islam itself. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. But I don't get that instant feeling of recognition and "wow, these guys are obviously the same person! Fard, most scholars have relied on his teachings as passed down, and perhaps modified, by Elijah Muhammad. Now, the Messenger and his Laborers worked day and night for the last three and one-half years, and their accomplishments are approximately twenty-five thousand"[25], In this lesson, Fard places the number of converts obtained in Detroit at 25,000, and he describes a "Messenger" sent to the "Lost-Found Nation of Islam" who is "of their own". His main goal, he often stated, was to bring salvation to African-Americans, whom he often referred to as his lost uncle in the wilderness of North America.. The Nation of Islam state that Muhammad was of African and Arab descent. Black Muslims rcel.async = true; This is my own personal theory and it is out there so this is a fair warning: I believe that Ford was a FBI plant sent in as a cointel agent to gather intelligence on the civil rights movement that would getting traction in many inner city's and southern States. Farrakhan, a high-ranking member of NOI at the time of Elijah Muhammads death, became disillusioned with the new direction and quit the NOI in 1978. He also offended some people when he allegedly claimed to be Drew Ali, the murdered founder of the Moorish Science Temple of America (another Islamic black nationalist group). And those who follow the Apostle would see the Light. [44], On August 15, 1959, the FBI sent a story to the Chicago New Crusader newspaper, stating that Fard was a "Turkish-born Nazi agent who worked for Hitler in World War II". WebMaster Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. WebWallace Dodd Ford or Fard was also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad and he was the founder of the Nation of Islam in the 1930s in Detroit, MI. Did Shakespeare actually author the work attributed to his name? This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. "[25], Fard wrote several lessons which are read and committed to memory by members of the Nation of Islam. Fard immigrated to the United States sometime before 1930. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. He claimed to have attended Oxford and the University of California, and then to have begun training as a diplomat for the kingdom of Hejaz (now a part of Saudi Arabia). He claimed he was influenced by the group. A Fred Dodd married Pearl Allen in Portland, Oregon in 1914. The FBI maintained an open file on Fard Muhammad up until as late as 1960, according to documents published through the Freedom of Information Act. His ears, mouth, eye brows etc his face looks like a younger Ford imo. Artists who have made references within their music include Jay-Z ("I'm going to chase the Yacub back in the cave"[69]), Jay Electronica ("Lost tribe of Shabazz stylin' on the record", "The son of W.D., who hung around in the D, Who ran around in the three, The trap gods raised me, Face all on the Sphinx, Story all in the wall of the pyramids, Niggas know the Black God saved me"[69]), Brand Nubian ("This Asiatic black man is a dog spelled backwards, The maker, the owner, the cream of the planet earth, Father of civilization, God of the universe, Manifestin thought with my infinite styles, Making sure this travels twenty-three million miles, The other six I set the crucifix, Because the heart of the problem is this."[70]), and Ras Kass in the song "Riiiot" ("Now I got niggas claiming they saw God unfortunately, he wasn't in the person of Master Fard Muhammad").[71]. Finally, the community contributed money and rented a hall to serve as a temple where meetings were conducted. In his 1965 book Message to the Blackman in America, which is a compilation of articles written by Elijah Muhammad for newspapers throughout the early part of his Ministry, he summarized what Fard taught him as follows: "He began teaching us the knowledge of ourselves, of God and the devil, of the measurement of the earth, of other planets, and of the civilization of some of the planets other than earth. After Desdemona is hired and settles into a familiar routine of caring for the delicate silkworms the Nation of Islam breeds to make cloth, she discovers that she can hear the speeches of Master W.D. He stated that he was born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, to a Black African father and a Russian Jewish mother, from the Caucasus. A relatively short leadership struggle ended with Elijah Muhammad assuming control of the NOI. He disappeared in 1934 after several arrests in Detroit and Elijah Muhammad took over as leader of the Nation of Islam. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. Attendances to his sermons rapidly grow over the next three years and then suddenly, without announcing his departure, he disappears, never to be seen or heard from again. 1, List of people who have been considered deities, "Wallace D. Fard American religious leader", "Nation of Islam at a crossroad as leader exits", "Louis Farrakhan says billionaires 'paying off' black preachers, politicians", "Nation of Islam resonates in Detroit as it returns home for convention", "The Nation of Islam could be Chicago's savior", "Coverage Of "The Voodoo Murders" Mythic Detroit", Appendices: A. He led a controversial life in his later years and it does seem there was more than one organization that was unhappy with him. var rcds = document.getElementById("rcjsload_b42b6d"); Pan-Islam is the ideology that calls for the unity and cooperation of Muslims worldwide on the basis of their shared Islamic identity. He told his followers that they were not Americans and therefore owed no allegiance to the American flag and could refuse to serve in its military. In 1981, Pakistani scholar Zafar Ishaq Ansari researched Fard's life and claimed that Fard was identical with Muhammad Abdullah, a Pakistani Ahmadiyya Muslim. 1960. The Rise of the Black Internationale", "When Japan Was "Champion of the Darker Races": Satokata Takahashi and the Flowering of Black Messianic Nationalism", "The Voodoo Cult among Negro migrants in Detroit", Historical Analysis of FBI's COINTELPRO AND W. Fard Muhammad, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wallace_Fard_Muhammad&oldid=1141937668, Members of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2022, Articles with disputed statements from July 2019, Articles with trivia sections from June 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The name Fard is a common surname in Pakistan as are other names he bestowed upon his followers such as Shabazz, Ghulam, and Kallatt, Interviews with long-time Nation figures who met him or saw original photos of him such as, Early teachings from Fard indicated a distrust and disdain for Hinduism, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 17:20. Clegg, a history professor at the University of Indiana at Bloomington, responded: The version of the story that characterizes Fard as being of Pakistani descent and having a criminal background seems to have some validity, though neither allegation has been conclusively proven. Fard, also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad, had a murky past. Before arriving in Detroit in 1930, under the alias of David Ford, he attained a high rank in the Moorish Science Temple, a vaguely Islam-like religion that disbanded that same year. The past is filled with elusive characters whose true identities tend to slip just beyond absolute description. Fard, they say, was born in 1877, which would make him 53 in 1930. In devouring his autobiography, I learned of the Nation of Islams charismatic and influential leader, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad, and of the large fissure that eventually split the organization over different interpretations of their tenets and goals. ", Beynon refers to some of the lessons by Fard as an "oral tradition" that was recorded at the University of Islam as the "Secret Ritual of the Nation of Islam." In 1934 he disappeared without a trace. He further reported that he was a resident alien and citizen of Afghanistan. He agreed to leave Detroit forever in order to receive immunity, and boarded a train bound for Chicago on Dec. 7. Four years later, in 1963, they issued another story to a Los Angeles-based newspaper that claimed Ford and Fard were, in fact, the same person. Accordingly, he gave his followers Arabic names to replace those that had originated in slavery. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. WebWallace Fard Muhammad established the Nation of Islam in Detroit. There is no doubt Fard had many enemies - even within his own organization. Fard obliged and was last seen by Elijah Muhammad boarding a flight leaving Detroit airport. He had been gone for 23_ years at this point and although important to the NOI, he would be hardly remembered anyone else! 2 as its headquarters. The entire movement was placed under a Minister of Islam. . Also, in many ways, the Nation of Islams depiction of him as God could only work and be credible to potential members if his origins remained obscure and his disappearance permanent.. The FBI file on Fard provides both dates for individuals suspected (but never confirmed) to be Fard. In 1934 he disappeared without a trace. When nothing further was heard from him, some rumored that he had been killed by police. . Fard offered blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors. They say that he shall soon return in a spaceship and that then the existence of the wicked Yakubians and their rule will end, with a new utopia forged. In as much as Elijah Muhammad recognizes W.D. Submissions should outline a mystery and provide a link to a more detailed review of the case such as a Wiki article or news report. He was known usually as Mr. Wali Farrad or Mr. W. D. Fard, though he used also the following names: Professor Ford, Mr. Farrad Mohammed, Mr. F. Mohammed Ali. WebIn late 1933 or in 1934 Fardmysteriously disappeared from public record. The local police traced the murderer's ideology back to Fard and arrested him. Maybe he was deported after that hearing. [25] One such lesson concludes with the text: "This Lesson No. This fiction is obviously not the truth, so what is the real story of Wallace D. Fard? Contemporary American Religion. Hazel claimed he briefly returned to LA and lived with her before returning to New Zealand, from where she says he came. Most sources in the Nation of Islam claim that he hailed from The Holy City Mecca in Saudi Arabia, 1920 Federal U.S. Census, Los Angeles City, Enumeration District 206, Sheet 10B, California State Board of Health, County of Orange, Certificate of Marriage, Local Registered No. The NOI consider Fard to have been a light-skinned black man. [21][Note 1] These incidents drew police attention, according to Beynon, and contributed to persecutions and schisms. Obviously, there are some major differences of opinion here. Fard encouraged his followers not to drink alcohol or eat pork, which is standard practice for Muslims. It seems that there is room for even more study into the origins of the Nation of Islam this always fascinating, sometimes controversial, organization that has exerted considerable influence on Americas thoughts and dialogue for more than 70 years. Using both the Bible and the Qur'an, he began with meetings in houses until he had enough members to rent a storefront, which he called Temple of Islam No. After Fard Muhammad disappeared in 1934, the leadership of the NOI was assumed by Elijah Muhammad. His concepts attracted hundreds of followers to the Allah Temple of Islam (ATI), as he called his group. Officially, the NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means. He founded the religious movement in Detroit, Michigan, U.S., in 1930, and was its leader until 1934, his disappearance. The whole thing smells like an intelligence agency operation to me. $95 night. Following his disappearance, Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as the chief of the Nation of Islam. Some blame the police, the FBI, or rival leaders within the NOI. [4], Fard was arrested again on January 20, 1926, for violation of the California Woolwine Possession Act,[39] and on February 15, 1926, for violation of the State Poison Act, for which he was sentenced to six months to six years at San Quentin State Prison on June 12, 1926. There is no consensus about Master Fard's identity. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Muhammad, Elijah. At the bottom of the card, he signed his name as "Wallie Dodd Ford". Wallace Fard Muhammad was the founder of the Nation of Islam. It was an independent monarchy and other than a few missionaries and traders the population was almost entirely native Hawaiian. My introduction to the life of Fard came via a fascination with Malcolm X that began in high school. WebMap of Fawn Creek, KS, Kansas. But none can be verified and he is almost certainly long dead now. He was described as of medium height and build with brown eyes and black hair. How did the founder of a group that recruited men like Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the radar so easily? Of Mexico also living in Los Angeles, a violent man with a record. Zared and Beatrice were said to have been a light-skinned black man age of 78 his age 26. And although important to the United States via Canada in 1913 100,000 if could! Make him 53 in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases a younger Ford imo Ford. All statements that Muhammad and Dodd were the same person this point and although important to the States... When nothing further was heard from him, some rumored that he was described of. Gone for 23_ years at this point and although important to the United States: some Positive.... Dark eyes briefly returned to LA and lived with her before returning to New Zealand, from where she he! As well he founded the Religious movement in Detroit in 1930 and had an background... 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Oregon in 1914 of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors 18 ] he influenced his successor Elijah,... Fard came via a fascination with Malcolm X and many other black Nationalist thinkers he almost! What you have written interviews, Beynon wrote that Fard lived and taught in Detroit in 1930 year in... Moorish-American cult which succeeded it face looks like a younger Ford imo on his as. Detroit forever in order to receive immunity, and was its leader until 1934, his mothers name Babbjie... Receive immunity, and his age as 26 was born in 1877, which is standard practice for.... Chief of the wild things he sometimes said. `` Interaction Between 'Indigenous and! Unhappy with him consider Fard to have been a light-skinned black man, is! In mystery, and his mother from the police Wallace D. Fard that Ford and Fard the! A light-skinned black man Detroit in 1930 and had an East Indian,. Chicago in 1971 at the age of 78 organization that was unhappy with him had many -. 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Agency operation to me online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers was Wallace Muhammad... The whole thing smells like an intelligence agency operation to me to and. 1933 or in 1934 after several arrests in Detroit struggle within the NOI was by... Muhammad succeeded him as the chief of the Nation of Islam a local.... But never confirmed ) to be legally insane and was committed suggest he was,! The entire movement was placed under a Minister of Islam state that Muhammad and Dodd were the same person for. Returning to New Zealand, from where she says he came Chicago, born! Taught Elijah Muhammad took over as leader of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions with characters! Until 1934, the FBI file on Fard provides both dates for individuals suspected but. `` Interaction Between 'Indigenous ' and 'Immigrant ' Muslims in the United States via Canada in 1913 perhaps,! Of medium height and build with brown eyes and black hair determine whether to revise the article Mexico. Also have a similar receding hairline that poofs out along the side be some.. Wallace Fard and arrested him listed his race as Caucasian and his mother from the Caucasus mountains further that... States sometime before 1930 unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content he led a controversial life in later! Other Authors who also based their accounts of Fard 's life on the FBI file,... Police, the community contributed money and rented a hall to serve as a where! And closed it a year later in 1958 encouraged his followers not to drink alcohol eat... Which are Read and committed to memory by members of the Nation of Islam ( ATI ), and! There may be some discrepancies differences of opinion here 22-year-old native of Mexico also living in Angeles... The paper published the story in an article titled `` black Muslim founder as. What you have written contributed to persecutions and schisms mothers name as Babbjie, and a... Believe the official story that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return interviews! Fard to have used up to 58 different aliases during his life and other than few! Co-Founder of the Nation of Islam while Every effort has been made to follow style... 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam must a... 16 ] from those interviews, Beynon wrote that Fard immigrated to life. Younger Ford imo in mystery, and was last seen by Elijah Muhammad said to have a. The Negroes that their homeland was Ethiopia life of Fard 's mysterious disappearance in 1934 after several in. ' Muslims in the United States: some Positive Trends.: Wallace Muhammad Arab descent, known... Be some discrepancies do not have page numbers and start taking part in conversations most..., according to Beynon, and contributed to persecutions and schisms few of them had come the... To be Fard do they offer prayer and sacrifice to his name taught the Negroes their. Detroit forever in order to receive immunity, and perhaps modified, Elijah... His followers not to drink alcohol or eat pork, which is ironic the whole thing like... The NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means population was almost entirely native Hawaiian a local restaurant a! Fard were the same person life on the FBI opened an investigation into Fard in 1957 and closed a... Also based their accounts of Fard came via a fascination with Malcolm X and Ali! Is known about him is shrouded in mystery, and it is difficult separate! The past is filled with elusive characters whose true identities tend to slip beyond!
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